“The Migration was expansive, leaderless, and often covert. It transformed the soul of America.”
Isabel Wilkerson
Leaving the South: The Black Migrant Experience
“One of the most important factors in shaping one’s success in life is your parents’ economic status. Yet Blacks begin several steps behind whites in nearly every measure of economic success and opportunity.”
The Dream Denied: Black Oppression in the North and South
The American dream is essentially a myth—and an incredibly cruel one. It obscures the systemic barriers that prevent achievement, and thus, places the blame for poverty on individuals, rather than the structures that cause it.
The Dimming of the American Dream
By any fair interpretation… Wilkerson’s subjects should have thrived in the North through their hard work and leadership. But their success was circumscribed by their race.
The Illusion of Freedom: Racism and Segregation During the Great Migration
“As the tool of those in power, the market was either manipulated to ensure the continual failure of every nonwhite group, or discarded entirely, the economic loss an acceptable cost to ensure Black servitude.”

